RESUMEN
Abstract Oil-in-water photoprotective nanoemulsions (NEs) were developed using Babassu (BBS) lipophilic extract, nonionic surfactants, and low concentrations of organic sunscreens by ultrasonic processing. BBS extract was chosen due to its suitable physicochemical properties (acidity index, peroxide index, refraction index, and relative density) and predominance of saturated fatty acids, identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which promote biological activities and high oxidative stability. NEs were characterized by mean droplet size, morphology, polydispersity index (PdI), pH, and organoleptic properties, and the physical stability of the NEs was evaluated for 120 days at room temperature. The sun protection factor (SPF) was determined, and the photostability and in vitro cytotoxicity assays were performed for NEs. All NEs remained stable for 120 days, with a droplet size <150 nm and a monomodal distribution profile. The pH values were compatible with the skin's pH. NE3 showed a spherical morphology, with a mean droplet size of 125.15 ± 0.16 nm and PdI of 0.145 ± 0.032. NE3 containing BBS extract and sunscreens presented an SPF of 35.5 ± 3.0, was photostable after 6 h of radiation and was non-cytotoxic to fibroblast cells. Thus, NE3 could be considered a promising formulation for developing synergic plant-extract sunscreen photoprotective products for the market
Asunto(s)
Plantas/efectos adversos , Protectores Solares/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/agonistas , Arecaceae/clasificación , Grasas Vegetales , Técnicas In Vitro/métodos , Factor de Protección Solar/clasificación , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas/métodosRESUMEN
Se evalúa la influencia de la altitud sobre el Índice de Protección Natural (IPN) y el Factor de Protección Solar requerido (SPF) comparando niños de Mucuchies, Mérida, Venezuela (3100 m.s.n.m.) y Palmarito, Mérida, Venezuela (5 m.s.n.m.), utilizando el equipo Sun Protection Diagnostic SP 37®. Según el análisis de los resultados a través de estadísticas descriptivas, se evidencia que el IPN y el SPF son variables dependientes de la altitud de la localidad en que se encuentran los niños, ya que en las localidades más altas los rayos solares inciden de forma más directa que en las más bajas.
It is evaluated the effect of altitude on Natural Protection Index (IPN) and the required Sun Protection Factor (SPF) comparing children Mucuchies, Merida, Venezuela (3100 m) and Palmarito, Merida, Venezuela (5 m) using Sun Protection Diagnostic SP37® equipment. According to the analysis of results through descriptive statistics, it appears that the IPN and the SPF are variable dependent on the altitude of the locality in which children are, as in the most high solar rays more directly than in the lowest.